ozone and CO₂ shift oxygen release from red blood cells to tissues via the Bohr effect
Increased oxygen delivery at cellular level (Bohr Effect)
What this means for you
Optimizes cellular oxygenation and aerobic metabolism
The published research
In vitro characterization of hemoglobin oxygen dissociation curves and electrolyte shifts in human blood under varying PCO2
Frontiers in Medicine · 2026
This study directly documents the Bohr effect, demonstrating that increasing PCO2 shifts the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve rightward (P50 = 14.91 + 0.22·PCO2, P<0.0001), thereby reducing hemoglobin's affinity for O2 and promoting oxygen release at the tissue level. The authors quantify that the Bohr effect contributes to release of ~26 mL O2/min (~10% of total oxygen consumption) due to the
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